In North America, “milestones” is the commonly used term used in post-graduate medical education and it is defined as a “defined, observable marker of an individual’s ability along a developmental continuum”. Different terms are used to refer to these expected levels of performance such as performance levels, performance indicators, performance criteria, or benchmarks. This need has been recognized in a number of countries, such as the United States Canada, the United-Kingdom, and Australia. Among these challenges, are the fact that competencies must be operationalized by increasing level in order to define the expected performance objectives at each stage of training.
Medical schools around the world are moving towards competency-based education, which presents assessment challenges as competencies are constructs that are difficult to operationalize. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material.
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